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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal influences CLKs' understanding of the need to be pragmatic and the relational affordances they were able to draw from were significant. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a major factor in their pragmatic choice to not criticize a strict professor (see the example 2). This article reviews all local pragmatic research on Korean published up to 2020. It focuses on key practical issues, including: Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs) The test for discourse completion is a popular instrument in pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but also some disadvantages. For example the DCT cannot take into account the cultural and individual differences in communicative behavior. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. Therefore, it must be carefully analyzed prior to using it for research or assessment purposes. Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a valuable tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability to manipulate social variables relevant to politeness in two or more steps can be a strength. This feature can be used to study the effect of prosody in different cultural contexts. In the field linguistics, DCT is among the most useful tools for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study various aspects that include the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical selection. 라이브 카지노 can be used to evaluate the phonological complexity of the learners' speech. A recent study utilized a DCT to test EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were presented with a variety of scenarios to choose from, and were then asked to select the appropriate response. The researchers found the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods like a questionnaire or video recordings. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT must be employed with caution. They also recommended using other methods of data collection. DCTs are often developed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like the content and the form. These criteria are based on intuition and based on the assumptions of test creators. They aren't always precise, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually refuse requests in real-world interactions. This issue calls for further research on different methods to assess the ability to refuse. In a recent study, DCT responses to student requests via email were compared to those from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally indirect requests and utilized hints less than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study looked at Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used a variety of experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. The participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results showed that CLKs frequently chose to resist native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four primary factors: their identities, their multilingual identities, ongoing life histories, and relational affordances. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching. First, the MQ data were examined to determine the participants' rational choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the responses were compared with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine whether they were a reflection of pragmatic resistance or not. Additionally, the participants were asked to explain their choice of pragmatic behavior in a given situation. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. The CLKs were found use euphemistic words like “sorry” or “thank you”. This was probably due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages, which led to a lack of understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12, CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms – and L2-pragmatic norms while in Situation 14 CLKs favored convergence to L1 norms. The RIs also revealed CLKs were aware of their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs, which were recorded and transcribed by two coders who were independent, were then coded. Coding was an iterative process in which the coders read and discussed each transcript. The results of coding are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine how well they reflected the actual behavior. Interviews for refusal The key question in pragmatic research is: Why do some learners refuse to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study attempted to answer this question using a variety of experimental tools, such as DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities. Participants were required to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2 levels. They were then invited to an RI, where they were required to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT situation. The results showed that CLKs, on average, did not conform to the norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did this even though they were able to produce patterns that were similar to native speakers. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their actions to learner-internal aspects such as their personalities, multilingual identities, and ongoing lives. They also referred to external factors, like relationship advantages. For example, they described how their relationships with professors facilitated an easier performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic rules of their university. The interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures or penalties they might face when their social norms were violated. They were worried that their native friends may view them as “foreignersand believe that they are ignorant. This concern was similar in nature to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These findings suggest that native speakers' pragmatic norms are not the default preference for Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. But it would be prudent for future researchers to revisit their applicability in specific situations and in various cultural contexts. This will allow them to better understand the effects of different cultures on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of L2 students. This will also assist educators to improve their methods of teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consulting. Case Studies The case study method is an investigative technique that employs participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. It is a method that uses numerous sources of data to support the findings, including interviews or observations, documents and artifacts. This type of investigation is useful for examining complicated or unique subjects that are difficult to measure with other methods. In a case study the first step is to clearly define both the subject and the goals of the study. This will help you determine what aspects of the subject are important to investigate and which can be omitted. It is also useful to read the literature to gain a general understanding of the subject. It will also help place the situation in a larger theoretical context. This case study was based on an open source platform that is the KMMLU leaderboard [50] and its benchmarks that are specific to Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the test showed that L2 Korean students were highly susceptible to native models. They were more likely to pick incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations. This was a departure from a precise pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency to include their own text or “garbage” to their responses. This lowered the quality of their answers. The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had achieved level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third university year and were aiming to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, their pragmatic awareness and understanding and their perception of the world. The interviewees were presented two scenarios, each involving an imagined interaction with their interactants and asked to choose one of the following strategies when making a request. They were then asked to provide the reasons behind their decision. Most of the participants attributed their pragmatic resistance to their personalities. TS, for example stated that she was difficult to approach and would not inquire about the health of her co-worker when they were working at a high rate despite the fact that she thought native Koreans would.